Domestic violence in same-sex households is commonly unreported and misunderstood in the United States. Ongoing reporting by The Columbus Dispatch brings to light flaws in Ohio laws pertaining to domestic violence, especially as experienced by James DeHaven and Veronica Shields. They were both unable to obtain temporary protection orders against their same-sex live-in partners under Ohio Judge Paul Spurgeon. The Columbus Dispatch explains:
He told the judge that his relationship with his boyfriend should qualify under the “person living as a spouse” section of Ohio’s domestic-violence law, making him eligible for a protection order. The judge wasn’t so sure.
“Doesn’t that mean we recognize same-sex marriage?” Judge Paul Spurgeon asked.
“I don’t think so, your honor,” said then-Assistant City Law Director Heidi Mallory.
“Motion denied,” Spurgeon said.
A June 2011 study by the Center for American Progress finds this type of discrimination and lack of protection is “due to the lack of legal recognition of same-sex relationships, law enforcement’s failure to identity and properly handle domestic violence cases involving people of the same sex, and the shortage of resources available to victims of same-sex partner domestic abuse” and argues this is a serious public health concern. At the very least, it’s a serious personal safety concern for anyone who can’t expect legal aid and support in a domestic violence situation. But like so many other gaps in care and support for LGBT people, the fact that our relationships don’t merit full recognition means that we’re left to navigate them, and their potential dangers, on our own.
The fact that under Ohio’s domestic violence law, one must qualify as a “person living with a spouse” to get a protection order in the first place says volumes about whose safety the law is willing to take responsibility for. James DeHaven told the judge that his boyfriend shoved him so hard he fell to the ground, and then threw an electric fan at his chest. Does the state only recognize that that as a reprehensible act of violence if they also have a recognized marriage? Legal precedent for the law dictates that the “person with a spouse” clause is intended to “provide protection to people who are cohabiting.” Would a straight couple who lived together but were unmarried have received the same treatment from Judge Spurgeon? A 1991 case found that the cohabitation clause applied regardless of gender, but Spurgeon referred to Ohio’s marriage amendment, which states that same-sex couples cannot receive “marriage benefits.” Is protection from domestic violence a “marriage benefit?” Spurgeon said only that “My determination was consistent with the beliefs of my community.”
Some of the commonly held misconceptions about same sex relationships, as pointed out by NYC Mayor’s office, include the false belief that women cannot rape, that false belief that men cannot be battered or raped, and the false belief that same sex relationships are always equal in power. The University of Wisconsin-Stout offers the following statistics, with cited sources, on same gender violence:
- The prevalence of domestic violence among Gay and Lesbian couples is approximately 25 – 33%. It is as common as it is in heterosexual relationships. (Barnes, It’s Just a Quarrel’, American Bar Association Journal, February 1998, p. 25.)
- Each year, between 50,000 and 100,000 Lesbian women and as many as 500,000 Gay men are battered. (Murphy, Queer Justice: Equal Protection for Victims of Same-Sex Domestic Violence, 30 Val. U. L. Rev. 335 (1995).)
- While same-sex battering mirrors heterosexual battering both in type and prevalence, its victims receive fewer protections. (Barnes, It’s Just a Quarrel’, American Bar Association Journal, February 1998, p. 24.)
- Seven states define domestic violence in a way that excludes same-sex victims; 21 states have sodomy laws that may require same-sex victims to confess to a crime in order to prove they are in a domestic relationship. (Barnes, It’s Just a Quarrel’, American Bar Association Journal, February 1998, p. 24.)
- Same-sex batterers use forms of abuse similar to those of heterosexual batterers. They have an additional weapon in the threat of “outing” their partner to family, friends, employers or community. (Lundy, Abuse That Dare Not Speak Its Name: Assisting Victims of Lesbian and Gay Domestic Violence in Massachusetts, 28 New Eng. L. Rev. 273 (Winter 1993).
- By 1994, there were over 1,500 shelters and safe houses for battered women. Many of these shelters routinely deny their services to victims of same-sex battering. (Murphy, Queer Justice: Equal Protection for Victims of Same-Sex Domestic Violence, 30 Val. U. L. Rev. 335 (1995).
Messaging by The Anti-Violence Project
Such a poor understanding of the reality of domestic abuse in the LGBTQ community is troubling enough, but to have this exacerbated by homophobic courtrooms such as these cases in an Ohio courtroom is incredibly worrying. Groups such as The Anti-Violence Project, founded in 1980, are working to provide counseling and advocacy support services to the LGBTQ and HIV-affected community to end all forms of violence through organizing and education.
How do you feel about efforts to combat domestic violence between same sex partners being intertwined with the fight for same sex marriage equality? How can both the anti-violence and LGBTQ community best respond to the dismissals of cases of same sex violence such as those reported in Ohio?
This is reprehensible.
All the more reason we need gay marriage. We won’t get the rights like straight couples unless we get marriage like them. It’s unfortunate and it is not fair under any circumstance, but it is what it is. In a society, there are “standards” for what everything “should” be. (Words like “Traditional” tend to factor in).
On the bright side, people in the younger demographics are more and more accepting of gay and trans* lifestyles. So eventually it won’t matter and hopefully we’ll all get basic human rights without there ever being doubt we should have had them.
“21 states have sodomy laws that may require same-sex victims to confess to a crime in order to prove they are in a domestic relationship”
Just wanted to note that this piece of information is dated – in 2003 the Supreme Court struck down all remaining sodomy laws (in 13 states at the time) in the U.S. in Lawrence vs. Texas.
Otherwise, great article. Domestic abuse is something that is not taken seriously enough in many cases, especially those involving non-heterosexual people. All people should have protection under the law from violence and abuse. It’s really sad that people, especially people who run our court systems, don’t understand that.
Yes, but also http://www.autostraddle.com/in-some-states-being-gay-still-not-quite-not-illegal-122491/
Yeah but the laws aren’t actually enforceable…so you wouldn’t actually be confessing to a crime since it can’t legally be enforced under federal law. So the point about reporting abuse meaning confessing to a crime doesn’t really work.
This article made me upset. But what gives me hope are people like the man in the following link, who spoke up in Iowa about what was cultivated from a loving gay marriage.
I just kinda hope that people on this site see this.
http://front.moveon.org/two-lesbians-raised-a-baby-and-this-is-what-they-got/
That video that you linked is the best.
This video is circulating among my friends on facebook and I am very happy about that.
My brother posted this video on his Facebook. It made me proud :)
Nothing about this is okay.
NLKBOIRNEOINAEOT ALL THE ANGER.
p.s. Ohio, I love the gays in you, but you’re backward-ass state is really pissing me off lately.
*your
Yes. Well, we don’t like the laws here either, and we live here. Don’t worry though–we’re working on it so you can be happy again.
Wow. If case law says you don’t have to be married to receive protection under this statute, then it’s NOT a marriage benefit. Gay marriage should be legal, anyway, but that’s not even at issue here. (I’d also note that according to one of the linked articles, it says “The Ohio Revised Code defines domestic violence as harm or attempted harm to a ‘family or household member.'” I’m a little confused no this, as it also quotes the statute as saying “person living as a spouse,” but regardless, both aren’t quite “person living with a spouse.”)
Bottom line, it seems pretty clear that Ohio courts haven’t held marriage to be a requirement for protection under this statute. Spurgeon’s bumbling about “gay marriage” just shows how uninterested he is in actually knowing the law.
Seething.
why the fuck is my life a “lifestyle”? things like domestic violence or access to healthcare or job discrimination don’t seem very stylish. this is NOT justice.
This is just disgusting. Since it seems the Ohio legal code doesn’t require marriage as a prerequisite for protection, as Veronica pointed out above, then it seems to me all this is about is a judge wanting to punish a man for being gay by exposing him to physical danger. Shameful.
What the fuck is wrong with people? Since when is it ever okay to deny protection to someone who has good reason to believe he will be the victim of violence?
In ohio if you aren’t living with your partner you can apply for a stalking and sexually oriented offenses protection order (SSOOPO) instead of a CPO. If you’re in columbus they are filed in different buildings so make sure that you check with the office before you go to apply.
http://www.odvn.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=69&Itemid=56
http://www.bravo-ohio.org/newsletters/BRAVO%20Bulletin%20May%202011.html
http://www.choicescolumbus.org
http://law.capital.edu/Legal_Clinic/
http://www.columbuslegalaid.org/
Honestly, this particular case seems less about anti-gay laws (though, that definitely seems to be influencing the judge), but laws that privilege married people over cohabiting people. Does it matter what sort of relationship it is in order to have protection from someone you’re living with?
But apparently the law is intended to cover cohabiting non-married couples, too.
I don’t care if his ruling “is consistent with the beliefs of his community.” It’s not consistent with THE LAW! It is not legal to beat someone. If a person can get protection from anyone – in say, a stalking case, why the hell does this guy’s sexuality matter here. Sounds like an activist judge to me. And the conservatives love to say liberals are all about activist judges. I’ll bet not a single one of them would come out and say that is exactly what this guy is.